Sessions

Fairness Perceptions of Assessment Approaches

This survey study examined fairness perceptions of three assessment types (norm-referenced, criterion-referenced, and individual-referenced) for 281 EFL junior high school students in Macau. Results revealed that students viewed criterion-referenced assessment as the most fair, individual-referenced assessment as fair, and norm-referenced assessment as unfair. These findings reinforce the importance of using criterion-referenced assessment to measure achievement in the classroom, while the low opinions of norm-referenced assessment affirm that it should be avoided.