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How Remote Learning Impacts Medium of Instruction #785

Medium of instruction (MOI) is a controversial topic in ELT research and practice, with instructors holding different principles concerning the use of English and students’ languages. What happens to these principles, however, when courses shift to remote learning? This study describes a survey at three Japanese universities to assess how remote learning impacted teachers’ MOI. Findings suggest that some teachers compromise their MOI principles during frustrating circumstances, leading to stress and uncertainty.